{"id":225,"date":"2019-02-11T12:25:21","date_gmt":"2019-02-11T11:25:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/?page_id=225"},"modified":"2023-11-14T15:45:18","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T14:45:18","slug":"larix-tunnel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/?page_id=225","title":{"rendered":"Larix Tunnel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p align=\"justify\"><b>LARIX T <\/b>is a facility installed in a 100 m tunnel operating in the energy range from 20 keV to 1 MeV. The LARIX-T facility provides polychromatic gamma-ray beams from 20 keV up to 300 keV with high brightness,   and polychromatic gamma-ray beams from 50 keV up to 1 MeV with low brightness.  The facility is suitable for testing gamma-ray reflectors and low-weight gamma-ray detector prototypes when low-divergence beam and\/or very long beamlines are needed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/LARIX-T-Facility-report.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>LARIX-T full facility report<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LARIX T overview<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1080\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1920 \/ 1080;\" width=\"1920\" controls src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/LARIX-tunnel.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p align=\"justify\">The facility spans all the 100 m tunnel connecting LARIX-A to the smaller LARIX-B  and can be operated to get polychromatic beams from 20 keV up to 1 MeV. LARIX-T features a 26.5 m long beamline, of which 21 m are inside a vacuum tube. The facility provides a gamma-ray beam obtained either by a high power X-ray generator or a low power portable betatron. The gamma-ray beam size is regulated by a fully motorized, adjustable collimator. The collimated beam reaches a 6D hexapod, where the examined sample can be positioned. A flat-panel scintillator imager and an HPGe spectrometer are available inside the tunnel, placed on a fully motorized carriage. The collimator and the sample positioning system are contained inside a class 10<sup>5<\/sup> clean room, temperature controlled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LARIX-T Features Summary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>100 meters tunnel;<\/li><li>21 meters beamline;<\/li><li>X-ray source up to 320 kV;<\/li><li>Gamma ray source (betatron) up to 2.5 MeV;<\/li><li>Hexapod system (high precision positioner);<\/li><li>Clean room class 100000 with thermal and humidity control;<\/li><li>High definition imager (200 um spatial resolution ) and High purity Germanum spectrometers;<\/li><li>16 meters rail for positioning the detectors.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Schema_Facility-1024x226.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"80%\" heigth=\"80%\">\n<\/p>\n<figcaption> <p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#454545;text-align:center;\">Schematic drawing of the LARIX-T beamline<\/p> <\/figcaption>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Equipment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X\/Gamma-ray Generators<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p align=\"justify\">The<strong> X-ray tube<\/strong> is mounted at the end of the tunnel, in an opportunely shielded area. The tube&nbsp; is equipped with a Tungsten anode and operates from 60 to 320 kV. The tube has two possible focal spot modes: a fine mode, with a focal spot of 0.4 mm diameter, and a broad mode, with focal spot of 1.0 mm diameter. The divergence of the beam is reduced by a 20 mm thick tungsten plate with a 3 mm diameter hole and a 50 mm thick lead shield with a 1 mm diameter hole. The tube can operate in continuum mode.<br>The X-ray tube is fully motorized: it can be moved up\/down and left\/right with a minimum step of 10 \u00b5m and it can be rotated along two different axes, with a minimum step of 0.01 deg.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Larix_tunnel_Facility3-1024x586.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"40%\" heigth=\"40%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Larix_tunnel_Facility3-1024x586.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Larix_tunnel_Facility3-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Larix_tunnel_Facility3-768x439.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tubo_radiogeno-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"18%\" heigth=\"18%\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tubo_vuoto_tunnel.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"30.5%\" heigth=\"30.5%\">\n<\/p>\n<figcaption> <p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#454545;text-align:center;\"><em>Left<\/em>: CAD drawing of the X-ray source present at one end of the beam-line. The source is placed on a movable bench for z (vertical) and y (horizontal) shift. <em>Center<\/em>: the Bosello X-ray tube (Tungsten anode, continuum emission from few tens keV up to 320 keV). <em>Right<\/em>: the 21-m vacuum tube.<\/p> <\/figcaption>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">A <strong>portable betatron<\/strong> is also available. The betraton has a maximum voltage of 2.5 MV, a power of 310 W and a maximal focal spot dimension of 0.2 x 3 mm<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vacuum Beamline and Collimator<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p align=\"justify\">The X-ray beamline passes inside a 21 m long <strong>vacuum tube<\/strong> of 60 cm of diameter (pressure \u2264 1 mbar), with entrance and exit window in 3 mm thick carbon fiber. <br>A motorized, adjustable <strong>collimator<\/strong> is placed inside a clean room, after the vacuum tube. The collimator is fully motorized: it can be moved in 2-dimensions on the plane perpendicular (minimum step = 10 \u00b5m) to the beam and it can be rotated along three different axys (minimum step = 0.01 deg). <br>Each one of its 20 mm thick tungsten blades can be remotely adjusted from a minimum opening  of 0 x 0 mm<sup>2<\/sup> to a maximum of 30 x 30 mm<sup>2<\/sup>.  Thanks to this collimation system, the <strong>divergence of the beam<\/strong> after the collimator is of the order of <strong>100 arcsec. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hexapod Sample Holder and Clean Room<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p align=\"justify\">The<strong> sample holder<\/strong> is placed inside the clean room. The sample holder consists of a movable bench which can be moved in the plane perpendicular to the beam, and a high precision hexapod positioner (model: Newport HPX-100), with 6 degrees of freedom (3 translations and 3 rotations) and maximum load of 20 kg. <br>The <strong>clean room<\/strong> (class better than 10<sup>5<\/sup>, US FED STD 209E Cleanroom Standards) is provided with thermal and hygrometric control (temperature within 1 C, relative humidity = 60% within 10%). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/collimatore.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"30%\" heigth=\"30%\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esapode.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"30%\" heigth=\"30%\">\n<\/p>\n<figcaption> <p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#454545;text-align:center;\"><em>Left<\/em>: the motorized collimator inside the clean room. <em>Right<\/em>: the hexapod sample holder. <\/p> <\/figcaption>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Detectors<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p align=\"justify\">Both an <strong>imager<\/strong> and a <strong>spectrometer<\/strong> are available. The detector holder carriage is mounted on a rail and it can be moved from a minimum distance from the sample holder of 7 m to a maximum distance of 23 m. The carriage is motorized and the detectors can be moved in the plane perpendicular to the beam and along two different rotation axes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Larix_tunnel_Facility2-1024x586.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"40%\" heigth=\"40%\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/detector.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-412\" width=\"37.5%\" heigth=\"37.5%\">\n<\/p>\n<figcaption> <p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#454545;text-align:center;\"><em>Left<\/em>:Motorized table for supporting the detectors present in the LARIX Tunnel. The rails are ~16m long and the detector can be manually moved easily back and forth. <em>Right<\/em>: the imager and the spectrometer detectors available at LARIX-T. <\/p> <\/figcaption>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The available imager is a Perkin Elmer <strong>flat panel imager<\/strong> (Perkin Elmer XRD 0822), which consists of CsI(Tl) scintillators directly deposited on Si photodiodes. The detector has a <strong>sensitive area of 204.8 x 204.8 mm2<\/strong>, with a <strong>pixel pitch of 200 \u00b5m&nbsp;(1024&nbsp;x&nbsp;1024&nbsp;pixels).<\/strong><br>The available spectrometer is a Nitrogen-cooled <strong>HPGe spectrometer<\/strong>, with a carbon fiber entrance window (AMETEK-ORTEC GEM-SP5020P). The detector sensor has a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 20 mm, granting an energy resolution of 300 eV @5.9 keV and 585 eV @122 keV.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LARIX T is a facility installed in a 100 m tunnel operating in the energy range from 20 keV to 1 MeV. The LARIX-T facility provides polychromatic gamma-ray beams from&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-225","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=225"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1247,"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/225\/revisions\/1247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/larixfacility.unife.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}